LIFE PROCESSES: INTRODUCTION

MOVEMENT & LIFE

–Visible movements are indicative of life

–Visible Movements can be:

üGrowth related

üNon growth related

–Some movements invisible to naked eye:

vVery small scale / molecular level movements

Molecular movements are defining criteria of life

            CYTOPLASMIC STREAMING: MOVEMENTS AT CELLULAR LEVEL

Required for repair & maintenance of organized structure

*Virus: show molecular structure only when in host cell

LIFE PROCESSES: Maintenance Processes in living organisms

–Processes essential for life

–Performed even when body seems to be doing nothing

–Require energy

They include:

qNutrition: to obtain food from outside. Food is source of energy. Common element in food C

qRespiration: For breakdown & burning of food, to obtain energy in a common form ATP. Requires O2. Involves oxidizing reducing reactions.

qTransportation: to carry food &  O2 to all parts of body

qExcretion: removal of by products / waste

Unicellular vs Multicellular:

vIn unicellular organisms Diffusion is sufficient to provide for exchange.

vIn multicellular diffusion not so because:

1.Large size, more needs

2.Not all cells are exposed to outer environment

LIFE PROCESSES (Introduction & Nutrition) PRETEST ANSWERS

So assuming that the reading pre test has been sincerely 😇 attempted, I'm today sharing the answers.
If you have not found time/interest to attempt the pre test before, make sure you do that before going through these answers.

1. Molecular movements are needed for life.

2.Energy for life processes is obtained through a process known as Nutrition.

3.Life on Earth depends on Carbon based molecules. (name of element)

4.The most common energy producing reactions in living organisms are oxidation - reduction reactions.

5.The maintenance processes such as nutrition, respiration & excretion are known as Life processes.

6.Besides plants, Bacteria are also capable of  autotrophic nutrition.

7.Breakdown of complex substances in to simple substances is done with help of bio-catalysts known as Enzymes.

8.Whittaker’s 2 groups that are essentially heterotrophs are Fungi & Animals.

9.Food reserve in plants is Starch, while in animals is Glycogen.

10. Leaves with 2 or more coloured patterns are known as Variegated leaves.

11.Opening and closing of stomata is controlled by Guard Cells cells.

12. N is taken in form of nitrates or nitrites from soil; or as organic N compounds prepared by Bacteria.

13. In Amoeba food is taken with the help of Pseudopodia_ while in Paramecium it is taken at a specific spot with the help of Cillia.

14. Watering of mouth is due to production of saliva which contains the enzyme Amylase.

15.  Contraction of muscles in inner lining of alimentary canal leads to movements known as Peristalsis.

16.  Small Intestine is the site of complete digestion in humans.

Self Assessment:

If you have managed ≥12 of 16, you are a good reader, and can easily proceed to next segment.

If you're between the range of 7-11, I suggest you read the pages from your NCERT once again before proceeding to the next segment.

If you're <7, make sure you work on your concentration skills.

LIFE PROCESSES: Reading & Pretest

PRE TEST NCERT pgs 94-100

1.____________ movements are needed for life.

2.Energy for life processes is obtained through a process known as __________.

3.Life on Earth depends on ____________ based molecules. (name of element)

4.The most common energy producing reactions in living organisms are __________________ reactions.

5.The maintenance processes such as nutrition, respiration & excretion are known as __________ processes.

6.Besides plants, ________ are also capable of  autotrophic nutrition.

7.Breakdown of complex substances in to simple substances is done with help of bio-catalysts known as ______________.

8.Whittaker’s 2 groups that are essentially heterotrophs are _________ & _________.

9.Food reserve in plants is _____________, while in animals is ____________.

10. Leaves with 2 or more coloured patterns are known as ____________ leaves.

11.Opening and closing of stomata is controlled by __________ cells.

12. N is take in form of nitrates or nitrites from_________; or as organic N compounds prepared by _____________.

13. In Amoeba food is taken with the help of _____________ while in Paramecium it is taken at a specific spot with the help of _____________.

14. Watering of mouth is due to production of _____________ which contains the enzyme ______________.

15.  Contraction of muscles in inner lining of alimentary canal leads to movements known as ______________.

16.  ________________ is the site of complete digestion in humans.