VALUE POINTS: CLASS IX MIDTERM

Sequel to previous post.

marking scheme/value points for the sample paper uploaded earlier:

Q.1   A. Lysosome, B. Golgi Complex, C. Plastid / Mitochondria (any 2) ½×1

Q.2  Exosmosis                                                                                            1

Q.3  Conduction & Xylem                                                                           ½×1

Q.4  Striated/Skeletal Muscle                                                                    1

Q.5  In AIDS patients immune system is not working or weakened.    1

Q.6  Mycelium, Large number of spores                                                   ½×1

Q.7  A. Symptoms, b. acute & chronic, c. bacteria, infectious & defieicency ½×6

Q.8  Fungi, to kill bacteria

Q.9  A. Fungi (heterotrophic, cell wall chitin), Plantae (autotrophic, cell wall cytoplasm)              1×3

B. Monocot (single cotyledon, fibrous root, parallel venation), dicot ( 2 cotyledons, tap root, reticulate venation) – any 2           

C. Porifera (cell level of organisation, non motile), Coelentrata (tissue level of organisation, motile)

D. Piesces (aquatic, streamlined body, fins, gills), amphibians (both terrestrial & aquatic, not streamlined body, legs, lungs as well as gills) – any 2

OR

Whittaker’s 5 kingdom classification                                                                                                       3

Q.10                      3 differences between Prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells & diagram of both.                       5

OR

Parenchyma, Collenchyma & Sclerenchyma (2 differences & diagram)

Q.11                      Glycerine – to prevent from drying; Safranin – to stain                                                    1+1

Q.12                      Cockroach (jointed legs, segmented body, chitinous exoskeleton) – (any 2)    1+2

CLASS 9 MIDTERM QUESTION PAPER

Q.1  Name the cell organelle that:                         1/2×2                                                                                                       

a.       Protects cells from infections & toxins.

b.       Synthesizes complex sugars from glucose.  OR

c.       Contains DNA (other than nucleus)

Q.2   While cooking vegetables adding of salt causes the vegetables to release water, thus allowing vegetables to be cooked. Which process is responsible for release of water due to addition of salt?                      1

Q.3   A white flower was kept in red coloured water overnight. By morning the flower turned red. Which process & which tissue is responsible for the red colour of flower?                                                      1

Q.4   An athlete increases his speed as he closes on to the finishing line. Which muscles help him increase his running speed?                                                                                                                                         1

Q.5  Mucor infection in lungs leads to nasal congestion, wheezing throat irritation or coughing in healthy individuals. However, in AIDS patients it can be fatal. Why?                                                                          1

Q.6   2 characteristic behavioural features of fungi are: they are heterotrophic & they are non motile. What special structural characteristics have they developed to                                                                          1/2×2

a.       Obtain food

b.       Ensure survival

Q.7    Fill in the blanks:                                                                                                                                1/2×6

a.       Signs of disease such as fever, vomiting are known as its __________________

b.       Diseases that last for a short period are known as _____________, and those that persist for long periods are known as ________________

c.       Tuberculosis effects our lungs and is caused due to a ___________ while common cold causes cough is caused due to virus.

d.       Diseases caused due to microbes are known as ______________ disease, while diseases caused due to lack of essential nutrients in body are known as __________________ disease.

Q.8  Which organisms are the source of antibiotics? What is their use?                                                    1+1

Q.9  Differentiate (2 differences) between any 3 of the following groups of organisms:                               1×3

a.       Fungi & Plantae

b.       Monocotyledon & Dicotyledon

c.       Porifera & Coelentrata

d.       Pisces & Amphibia

OR

 What is the most popular method of classification of living organisms? Show with the help of flow chart? Name the scientist responsible for this classification.                                                                                  3

Q.10          You are asked to study cells from curd & plant leaf. What differences would you observe in the cells from these two sources (3 differences). Explain with the help of diagrams.                                       5

OR

Tabulate 2 differences between the three types of permanent tissues. Draw diagrams to show each type.

Section B

Q.11          Onion peel cells are kept in glycerine and treated with safranin before viewing under a microscope. Why are glycerine & safranin used?                                                                                                1

Q.12          Identify the organism & give its 2 distinctive features.                                 1+2

MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

In continuation with preparation for Board 2020, let's practise some objective questions from Chapter 6,

 Molecular Basis of Inheritance

These questions will also be very useful for NEET preparation.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. The ________________ biomolecule is a characteristic feature of an organism.
2. If the amount of haploid DNA in a human child is 3.3×10⁹bp, the amount of DNA in a normal human adult would be ________________.
3. The _______________ pyrimidine is present in both m RNA & tRNA but not in DNA.
4. The N bases are attached to __ C of deoxyribose sugar while the PO₄ are present on ____ C.
5. The __________________________ technique helped Wilkins & Franklin to study the structure of DNA.
6. The law of complementarity of N bases was given by ______________
7. Stability of double strand of DNA is due to stacking of bases & ____ bonds.
8. Central dogma of molecular biology was given by _________________.
9. The circumference of a sphere is 2.2 m. what would be the number of base pairs of DNA required to encircle the sphere once?
10. The protein involved in packing of DNA of eukaryotes but absent in DNA of prokaryotes is _____________
11. The ‘beads’ in “beads on String” structure is made of ____________, which is further made of __________
12. Euchromatin is active _______________, but heterochromatin is not.

Do not forget to leave comments, queries and doubts. All the Best

HUMAN HEALTH & DISEASES (Class XII)

As per the new CBSE question paper pattern, the proportion of objective questions has been increased substantially. during the Board 2020, it is expected that at least 25% marks would be devoted to 1 mark questions, which will be mostly application based.
So here are some  1 mark questions from Lesson 8 of XII NCERT "Human health & Diseases.
all these questions are strictly from NCERT. so if you are not able to do 5 or more questions; you need to read the lesson again & again.                                                            
👍👍                                   
1-mark questions                

1.      Parasites that cause diseases are known as _________

2.      Mary Mallon was made famous due to her tolerance to a bacterial disease, of which she was a carrier, and hence she was known as ____________.

3.      Cough due to pneumonia can be differentiated from cough due to common cold as in prior ___________ are also affected.

4.      _______________ is the most serious type of malaria, it is caused due to ___________

5.      The initial attack of Plasmodium takes place in _______________ while that of HIV takes place in _________

6.      Primary host of Plasmodium is ________________, & secondary host is _________.

7.      Fertilization of Plasmodium takes place in mosquito’s ___________________

8.      Biocontrol agent used for controlling mosquito larva is _________________.

9.      Besides Dengue, Aedes mosquito are vectors of another viral disease with widespread occurrence in recent years. Name the disease.

10.  _____________________ is the carrier of Entamoeba.

11.  A used comb was placed in the hotel room, which was used by Radha during her stay there. Later that week she felt dry scaly lesions on her scalp & severe itching. What kind of infection could she have acquired?

12.  Write one example of a physiological barrier.

13.  Full forms: PMNL, CMI IgA, MALT, ELISA, NACO

14.  Anamnestic response is due to ____________________ (property) of our immune system.

15.  _________________ immune response is responsible for graft rejection.

16.  A new born child receives antibodies from his mother through _______________ during pregnancy and through ______________ after birth. Both these are examples of ______________ immunity.

17.  Recombinant DNA technology is being used to produce _______________ vaccine using _______________ (name of organism).

18.  _______________ disease has been completely eradicated due to immunization.

19.  _____________ cells are responsible for allergy since they release chemicals like _____________ & _____________. In order to control allergy, doctors recommend _____________ & ____________.

20.  Which enzyme is required for integration of retrovirus genome into human genome?

21.  Is it true that HIV infected cells can survive even when new viruses are being formed and released from it? How does this effect appearance of disease symptoms?

22.  Regulation of cell division in normal mitotic cells is due to ________

23.  ________________ changes benign tumours to malignant tumours.

24.  Both CT & Radiography use X ray? How are the two different?

25.  Neoplastic cells are different from normal cells. This property is used for histopathological studies to detect _______________ (disease)

26.  ______________ are given to activate immune response of AIDS patients.

27.  _______________________ are group of drugs used in doping by sportsperson.

28.  Smack is a depressant obtained from ___________________ of morphine.

29.  Physiological response of body dependent on drugs, when drugs are no more taken __________________

30.  ________________ is caused due to liver damage by alcoholism.

31.  Anabolic steroids are taken by sportspersons to increase ____________, but in women may also lead to ___________________.

32.  Circle the odd one out:

a.       Plague, Diphtheria, Typhoid, Dengue

b.      Rhinovirus, RetroVirus, Bacteriophage, Oncovirus

c.       Amoebiasis, malaria, ascariasis, typhoid

d.      Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, Ringworm

e.      Malaria, Amoebiasis, filariasis, typhoid

f.        Monocytes, Killer T Lymphocyte, B Lymphocyte, Macrophages

g.       Barbiturates, amphetamines, opioids, bezodiazepines

33.  Fill the missing words in following analogy:

         i.            Bacteria : Antibody :: Virus : ________

       ii.            Ascariais: Ascairs :: Pneumonia : ________

     iii.            Cancer : CT Scan :: Typhoid : _________

     iv.            Human : Sporozoites :: Mosquito : _________

       v.            Immunodeficiency : AIDS :: Auto-immune : _________

     vi.            CT: X ray :: MRI :  __________

   vii.            Tonsils : Throat :: Peyer’s Patches : _________________

 viii.            Cannabinoids : Cannabis sativa :: cocaine : _________________

34.  State True/ False

         i.            Hair loss is a common symptom of Cancer.

       ii.            Dopamine is a hormone whose activity is interfered due to cocaine abuse.

     iii.             Antiretroviral drugs can completely cure AIDS.

     iv.            S in AIDS stands for Symptoms

       v.            While dealing with snakebite patients, doctors should choose passive immunity.

     vi.            Memory of our immune system is an asset but specificity a drawback in developing vaccines.

   vii.            The antigen binding site are present at C terminal of antibody molecule.

 viii.            Only female mosquito is responsible for the spread of Wuchereria.

35.  Who am I?

A.      Reservoir of erythrocytes

B.      Formed at secondary lymphoid organs due to proliferation of lymphocytes as they interact with antigens.

C.      reduce in size with age, but am responsible for immune response

D.     A vestigial organ but also a secondary lymphoid organ 

E.      constitute 50% of lymphoid tissue in your body

F.       HIV Factory

G.     Gene responsible for oncogenic transformation of cells 

H.     Source of hallucinogens 

I.        Drugs for Post-surgical care

J.        Alkaloid that stimulates adrenal glands causing rise in BP & heart rate; also an important carcinogen.

Question Paper Class XII Biology

Just conducted a Quarterly exam for class XII, based on Unit 1, & the first 2 lessons of Unit II.

The question paper of 50 marks & 90 Minutes duration is as follows:

The question paper is strictly based on NCERT book, the latest i.e. 2019 edition. And all answers can be found there.

Take time to sit for at least 100 minutes. sit & read the paper for 10 minutes. Understand the questions & thereafter start writing. I've found that 70% of questions are attempted wrong because students fail to understand what is asked.

Try to follow word limit for proper practice for the board examination. 

Good Luck 👍

Do not forget to leave comments, queries if any.

Principles of Inheritance & Variation (Part II): Pretest

Here are some questions based on pages 75-78 of Chapter 5 of Class 12 NCERT Bio Book. Prior to the topic 5.3 "Inheritance of two genes". 
A thorough reading of the above pages is an absolute must before starting to answer these questions. Take time to read, then start solving. do NOT refer book if you are not able to answer 1 or two questions. if you are not able to answer 3 in continuity, close the copy and read the pages once again.
These pretests are based on a wonderful technique of learning based on Neuroscientific Research:
The technique of Retrieval Practice. but for it to work, you must give up the greed of getting all answers right in one go. The technique aims to 

• increase efficiency of your reading; 
• help you exert your brain to improve your working memory; 
• and finally build long lasting neural connections that you can rely on  during your session ending examinations.

So here we go, questions on pages 75-78:

1. According to Mendel the discrete units that controlled characters are _________.
2. Expression of only one of the dissimilar characters in F1 is controlled by Law of__________.
3. Of the 2 dissimilar alleles present in an organism, only one goes in a gamete. This is due to law of ___________.
4. Homozygous organisms form ___ type(s) of gametes; while heterozygous form  ___ type(s) of gametes.
5. Identify the plant & answer the questions below:
   
6. Which are the dominant & recessive flower colours in this plant?
7. What is the significance of pink flowers?
8. Is it according to Mendel's law? answer Yes/No.
9. Which types of Biomolecules are responsible for action of genes?
10. Which type of Biomolecules are responsible for ABO type blood groups?
11. 'I' is the gene responsible for blood groups. What does I stand for? 
12. How many forms of I genes (alleles) control blood groups? what is this phenomenon known as?
13. Based on study of inheritance pattern of Blood Groups we can say that dominance is relative. Justify.
14. Blood Group AB represents Codominance which is an exception to Law of _________. Can you explain how?
15. Gene B in pea seeds controls 2 characters. Can you name the 2 characters? Can you name this special phenomenon?

PRETEST: Principles of Inheritance & vaiation (Part 1)

Hello!

Starting with Unit 2.

Here are the pretest questions based on first 8 pages of Chapter 5. In my book (i.e. 2019-20 publication available online) the page numbers are 67-75. In terms of Topic; End of 5.2 (Inheritance of One Gene)

Read the pages carefully; and try to answer the questions. see how many you can answer.

The key points of this portion are already on blog, but I would request you not to refer them, and focus solely on book reading.

1.       Branch of Biology that deals with inheritance & variations _________

2.       ___________ is the basis of heredity.

3.       The major cause of variation is ______________; which has been used by humans for selective breeding.

4.       Experiments conducted by Mendel involved ___________ of true breeding Pea plants, which involved the technique of ___________.

5.       What was the advantage of taking large sampling size in Mendel’s experiment?

6.       Define true breeding lines.

7.       F₁ & F₂ in crossing stands for ___________ & _________.

8.       The ratios obtained by Mendel in F₁ & F₂ of monohybrid cross respectively was _________ & ____________.

9.       Factors of Mendel are equivalent to _______, and are units of inheritance required for expression of particular trait.

10.   T & t represent two forms of a __________, known as __________ which control expression of a trait.

11.   TT & Tt produce the same phenotype.

                                             i.            Capital T represents ________, small t represents _______.

                                           ii.            What conclusion was drawn by Mendel on the basis of this?

12.   The type of cell division that occurs during gamete formation is _____. Here only one _______ of a pair is passed in to a gamete.

13.   Graphical representation to calculate the probability of occurrence of different types of Genotypes in a cross is known as ___________.

14.   Self Pollination of a dwarf plant will give tall and dwarf in the ratio _:_.

15.   An organism exhibiting a recessive phenotype for tallness will have the following genotypes _________.; while an organism exhibiting a dominant phenotype for tallness will have the following genotypes _______________.

16.   Test cross is crossing tall (dominant phenotype) plant with ________ plant.

17.   Mendel gave ___ (no.) laws on the basis of monohybrid crosses; they are ___________ & _____________.

18.   _______ flower position & _______ flower colour in pea is dominant.

19.   The two seed related characters chosen by Mendel were ______ & _________.

The total number of true breeding